{"id":28291,"date":"2023-01-06T19:36:20","date_gmt":"2023-01-06T19:36:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mailinvest.blog\/index.php\/2023\/01\/06\/fancy-a-quick-tour-of-dragonfly-bsd-6-4-the-register\/"},"modified":"2023-01-06T19:36:20","modified_gmt":"2023-01-06T19:36:20","slug":"fancy-a-quick-tour-of-dragonfly-bsd-6-4-the-register","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mailinvest.blog\/index.php\/2023\/01\/06\/fancy-a-quick-tour-of-dragonfly-bsd-6-4-the-register\/","title":{"rendered":"Fancy a quick tour of DragonFly BSD 6.4? \u2022 The Register"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <a href=\"https:\/\/go.fiverr.com\/visit\/?bta=1052423&nci=17043\" Target=\"_Top\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" border=\"0\" src=\"https:\/\/fiverr.ck-cdn.com\/tn\/serve\/?cid=40081059\" loading=\"lazy\"  width=\"601\" height=\"201\"><\/a>\n<\/p>\n<div id=\"body\">\n<p>Dragonfly BSD 6.4 is here, with various updates and new features, including a better hypervisor, improved support for AMD GPUs, and more.<\/p>\n<div class=\"CaptionedImage Center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/regmedia.co.uk\/2023\/01\/06\/dragonfly-bsd-lumina.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/regmedia.co.uk\/2023\/01\/06\/dragonfly-bsd-lumina.jpg?x=648&amp;y=486&amp;infer_y=1\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Dragonfly supports the Lumina desktop from the defunct PC-BSD project, but it's quite rudimentary.\" title=\"Dragonfly supports the Lumina desktop from the defunct PC-BSD project, but it's quite rudimentary.\" height=\"486\" width=\"648\"\/><\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"text_center\">Dragonfly supports the Lumina desktop from the defunct PC-BSD project, but it&#8217;s quite rudimentary<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>DragonFly BSD \u2013 or just DragonFly for short \u2013 is the youngest and most experimental member of the BSD family. Its latest release <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dragonflybsd.org\/release64\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">came out<\/a> on the penultimate day of 2022. Although it&#8217;s not a major version, here at <em>The Reg<\/em> FOSS desk we thought it was time to take a look at DragonFly, as we&#8217;ve recently looked at the other members of the BSD family \u2013 as we describe in the sidebar.<\/p>\n<p>The big-ticket item in this version is hardware-supported virtualization in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dragonflybsd.org\/docs\/docs\/howtos\/nvmm\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">NVMM<\/a> hypervisor. NVMM (not to be confused with NVMe) appeared in DragonFly version 6.1.<\/p>\n<p>The name, slightly strangely, is short for the <em>NetBSD Virtual Machine Monitor<\/em>, because this hypervisor was ported over across from that sibling project, as <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.netbsd.org\/tnf\/entry\/from_zero_to_nvmm\" rel=\"nofollow\">described<\/a> on the NetBSD blog.<\/p>\n<p>Project lead <a href=\"https:\/\/www.osnews.com\/story\/6338\/interview-with-matthew-dillon-of-dragonfly-bsd\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Matthew Dillon<\/a> began Dragonfly BSD in 2003 as a <a href=\"https:\/\/lists.freebsd.org\/pipermail\/freebsd-current\/2003-July\/006889.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">fork<\/a> of FreeBSD 4.8, the final release of the 4.x series. Unlike the other BSDs, Dragonfly BSD supports just one platform: x86-64. Its designers <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dragonflybsd.org\/performance\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">emphasize<\/a> performance and scalability. It <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dragonflybsd.org\/features\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">supports<\/a> 128 CPU cores, 256 hardware threads, and up to a million processes, and claims multiprocessor scaling to rival Linux \u2013 a kernel with far more developers and investment than all of the BSDs put together.<\/p>\n<div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"adun\" data-pos=\"top\" data-raptor=\"condor\" data-xsm=\",fluid,mpu,\" data-sm=\",fluid,mpu,\" data-md=\",fluid,mpu,\">\n        <noscript><br \/>\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/pubads.g.doubleclick.net\/gampad\/jump?co=1&amp;iu=\/6978\/reg_software\/oses&amp;sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&amp;tile=2&amp;c=2Y7h4NM6WvxYdpUzeFX-LNAAAABg&amp;t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D2%26raptor%3Dcondor%26pos%3Dtop%26test%3D0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><br \/>\n                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pubads.g.doubleclick.net\/gampad\/ad?co=1&amp;iu=\/6978\/reg_software\/oses&amp;sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&amp;tile=2&amp;c=2Y7h4NM6WvxYdpUzeFX-LNAAAABg&amp;t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D2%26raptor%3Dcondor%26pos%3Dtop%26test%3D0\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"\"\/><br \/>\n            <\/a><br \/>\n        <\/noscript>\n    <\/div>\n<p>To put this in perspective, compare the size of the Dragonfly <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dragonflybsd.org\/team\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">team<\/a> with that of <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.freebsd.org\/en\/articles\/contributors\/#staff-committers\" rel=\"nofollow\">FreeBSD<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"adun\" data-pos=\"top\" data-raptor=\"falcon\" data-xmd=\",fluid,mpu,leaderboard,\" data-lg=\",fluid,mpu,leaderboard,\" data-xlg=\",fluid,billboard,superleaderboard,mpu,leaderboard,\" data-xxlg=\",fluid,billboard,superleaderboard,brandwidth,brandimpact,leaderboard,mpu,\">\n            <noscript><br \/>\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/pubads.g.doubleclick.net\/gampad\/jump?co=1&amp;iu=\/6978\/reg_software\/oses&amp;sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&amp;tile=4&amp;c=44Y7h4NM6WvxYdpUzeFX-LNAAAABg&amp;t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D4%26raptor%3Dfalcon%26pos%3Dmid%26test%3D0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><br \/>\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pubads.g.doubleclick.net\/gampad\/ad?co=1&amp;iu=\/6978\/reg_software\/oses&amp;sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&amp;tile=4&amp;c=44Y7h4NM6WvxYdpUzeFX-LNAAAABg&amp;t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D426raptor%3Dfalcon%26pos%3Dmid%26test%3D0\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"\"\/><br \/>\n                <\/a><br \/>\n            <\/noscript>\n        <\/div>\n<div class=\"adun_eagle_desktop_story_wrapper\">\n<div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"adun\" data-pos=\"mid\" data-raptor=\"eagle\" data-xxlg=\",mpu,dmpu,\">\n                <noscript><br \/>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/pubads.g.doubleclick.net\/gampad\/jump?co=1&amp;iu=\/6978\/reg_software\/oses&amp;sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&amp;tile=3&amp;c=33Y7h4NM6WvxYdpUzeFX-LNAAAABg&amp;t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D3%26raptor%3Deagle%26pos%3Dmid%26test%3D0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><br \/>\n                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pubads.g.doubleclick.net\/gampad\/ad?co=1&amp;iu=\/6978\/reg_software\/oses&amp;sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&amp;tile=3&amp;c=33Y7h4NM6WvxYdpUzeFX-LNAAAABg&amp;t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D3%26raptor%3Deagle%26pos%3Dmid%26test%3D0\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"\"\/><br \/>\n                    <\/a><br \/>\n                <\/noscript>\n            <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>DragonFly got started began because of differences in opinion about how to implement symmetric multi-processing (SMP) support in the then-new FreeBSD 5. Here at the <em>Reg<\/em> FOSS desk, we must confess that we&#8217;d barely looked at FreeBSD back then, but from contemporary <a href=\"https:\/\/www.informit.com\/articles\/article.aspx?p=766375\" rel=\"nofollow\">accounts<\/a>, we gather that while FreeBSD 4.x was solid, 5.x had a somewhat shaky start.<\/p>\n<p>Former Amiga coders with long memories might remember that Dillon wrote the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.binarydevotion.com\/?p=76\" rel=\"nofollow\">DICE C<\/a> compiler for AmigaOS. As the project&#8217;s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dragonflybsd.org\/history\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">history<\/a> page says, part of the original plan was to implement AmigaOS-inspired message-passing to build an OS aimed at single-system-image clusters \u2013 a tech <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextplatform.com\/2018\/05\/21\/its-called-distributed-computing-even-when-it-shouldnt-be\/\">explained by Reg sister site the Next Platform<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div class=\"CaptionedImage Center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/regmedia.co.uk\/2023\/01\/06\/dragonfly-bsd-xfce.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/regmedia.co.uk\/2023\/01\/06\/dragonfly-bsd-xfce.jpg?x=648&amp;y=486&amp;infer_y=1\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"DragonFly has a variety of desktops, including Xfce 4.16, plus relatively mainstream apps such as Firefox.\" title=\"DragonFly has a variety of desktops, including Xfce 4.16, plus relatively mainstream apps such as Firefox.\" height=\"486\" width=\"648\"\/><\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"text_center\">DragonFly has a variety of desktops, including Xfce 4.16, plus relatively mainstream apps such as Firefox<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>SSI clusters have somewhat fallen out of fashion, as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextplatform.com\/2017\/10\/25\/dream-software-shared-memory-clusters\/\">the Next Platform also explains<\/a>. Accordingly, Dragonfly BSD&#8217;s goals have moved, and the focus now is more on improving the efficiency of many-core scaling, as well as on its storage subsystem. A flagship feature here is <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dragonflybsd.org\/hammer\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">HAMMER<\/a>, a modern COW-snapshot capable filesystem which can suppport volumes up to an exabyte in size: that&#8217;s 1,000PB, or 1,000,000TB. HAMMER appeared in DragonFly 2.0, and HAMMER2 with 3.8.0 in 2017. DragonFly 5 could boot from HAMMER2 and it became the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dragonflybsd.org\/release52\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">recommended<\/a> filesystem in DragonFly 5.2.<\/p>\n<p>It all sounds good, but how it is in use? We tried installing the latest version in VirtualBox, and we hit a few problems.<\/p>\n<p>The good news is that we found it significantly easier to install than either FreeBSD or NetBSD. Perhaps this is due to the focus on 64-bit PC hardware, but installation is very straightforward: it&#8217;s mainly a matter of accepting defaults, and we didn&#8217;t have to do most of the steps in the slightly daunting documentation pages about <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dragonflybsd.org\/docs\/handbook\/Installation\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">installation<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dragonflybsd.org\/docs\/handbook\/Configuration\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">configuration<\/a>. For disks of less than 50GB, it&#8217;s best to avoid the fancy HAMMER2 filesystem, and just use plain old UFS.<\/p>\n<div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"adun\" data-pos=\"top\" data-raptor=\"falcon\" data-xsm=\",fluid,mpu,\" data-sm=\",fluid,mpu,\" data-md=\",fluid,mpu,\">\n            <noscript><br \/>\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/pubads.g.doubleclick.net\/gampad\/jump?co=1&amp;iu=\/6978\/reg_software\/oses&amp;sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&amp;tile=4&amp;c=44Y7h4NM6WvxYdpUzeFX-LNAAAABg&amp;t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D4%26raptor%3Dfalcon%26pos%3Dmid%26test%3D0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><br \/>\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pubads.g.doubleclick.net\/gampad\/ad?co=1&amp;iu=\/6978\/reg_software\/oses&amp;sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&amp;tile=4&amp;c=44Y7h4NM6WvxYdpUzeFX-LNAAAABg&amp;t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D426raptor%3Dfalcon%26pos%3Dmid%26test%3D0\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"\"\/><br \/>\n                <\/a><br \/>\n            <\/noscript>\n        <\/div>\n<p>As we discovered first time, it&#8217;s important to complete <strong>all<\/strong> the steps in the installation program <em>before<\/em> rebooting. Second time we installed, the network came up automatically. The next steps are installing software, and here we did hit a wrinkle very early on. The <code>pkg<\/code> command is installed and configured automatically, so the first steps are to update its package database, and then install updates:<\/p>\n<pre><code>pkg update\npkg upgrade<\/code>\n<\/pre>\n<p>The snag is that the first thing the <code>pkg<\/code> command upgrades is <em>itself<\/em>, and in so doing, it immediately deleted the configuration file for its online repositories, and we had to write a new one, thanks to this <a href=\"https:\/\/wiki.lug-in.de\/Dragonfly%20BSD\/Package%20Management\" rel=\"nofollow\">guide<\/a>. So, before you do that first upgrade, make a backup copy of the <code>\/usr\/local\/etc\/pkg\/repos\/df-latest.conf<\/code> config file, so you can easily put it back.<\/p>\n<p>As with NetBSD, command-line editing is not quite as easy as we&#8217;ve come to expect from Linux, so <a href=\"https:\/\/nanxiao.me\/en\/allow-root-to-login-dragonfly-bsd-through-ssh\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">enabling<\/a> SSH access makes life easier. Then you can <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dragonflybsd.org\/docs\/how_to_get_to_the_desktop\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">install<\/a> X.org and a desktop environment. We were happy to see the <a href=\"https:\/\/lumina-desktop.org\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Lumina<\/a> desktop from the late lamented <a href=\"https:\/\/opensource.com\/life\/15\/12\/bsd-desktop-user-review-pc-bsd\" rel=\"nofollow\">PC-BSD<\/a> as an option. We installed it:<\/p>\n<pre><code>pkg install lumina<\/code>\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u2026 but the package doesn&#8217;t depend on the X server, so you have to install that separately:<\/p>\n<pre><code>pkg install xorg<\/code>\n<\/pre>\n<p>The result worked perfectly, although it&#8217;s extremely basic. So, we installed the <code>slim<\/code> desktop manager for a graphical login, and rebooted\u2026 only to find that once the GUI launched, our keyboard stopped working. So, we reinstalled the OS a <em>third<\/em> time, and this time installed Xfce 4 instead. That came up perfectly, but again, the keyboard stopped working.<\/p>\n<p>Such are the joys of trying out experimental operating systems, but unfortunately, the pressure of online publishing deadlines meant that our step-by-step process of learning by trying it and breaking things had to end.<\/p>\n<p>DragonFly is an interesting OS, and what we&#8217;ve read of the HAMMER2 file system, such as huge volumes spanning multiple media, snapshot support, and instant post-crash reboots without needing <code>fsck<\/code>, all sound very appealing. Given the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theregister.com\/2016\/02\/26\/canonical_in_zfsonlinux_gpl_violation_spat\/\">licensing issues around ZFS in Linux<\/a>, and the slow progress around other next-gen filesystems such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theregister.com\/2022\/03\/18\/bcachefs\/\">bcachefs<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theregister.com\/2022\/12\/20\/kernel_62_fs_improvements\/\">Red Hat&#8217;s Stratis<\/a>, maybe HAMMER2 merits wider attention.<\/p>\n<p>However, for now, if you&#8217;re looking for a potential Linux replacement, FreeBSD should probably be your first candidate. DragonFly has great potential, but it&#8217;s not quite ready for its moment in the spotlight yet. \u00ae<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<iframe data-lazy=\"true\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.fiverr.com\/gig_widgets?id=U2FsdGVkX18x7XQvttUTrv1oEqmGNGTgvvCUiUoJ\/AP4z\/UyMz8lXGOLpu15jIMxBbTR0gmD5uBoFvhC4KWeALQRp3h\/X\/AwcVD0K8Wj9H\/ZzYKzcCNHosB9oS4SCJJFWiN85P9ICAc4OgCoE\/wHKIY7CDkf2\/DQ1vqGvk4smVe5cRDEmrLPCWi4FC8p40VUhSmWQ5udCm0zoJtorgWv3vbDQw0kKYkwn39ozAnQXDe+YvWMxkLFWA+O3TFwkJvdkIK+\/AUSnRssPKt5WHY0FhNOxnSPcLslEL4G4\/RfP95ve99U+kRnDy3X+KtzdQLY+u935ghON\/o3UE4IMv9oN6JX9RnxzL\/LRcOgnHigxStSGPKsZYtnz8RWNVT\/rOLAibqiWJadC5MYHRbekF3eg6FOGrQGkXYbsn0+a5aovnlLCbLwIqY9fcS17UX8J235iQ6cdmHNbrPeS84CMm34RA==&affiliate_id=1052423&strip_google_tagmanager=true\" loading=\"lazy\" data-with-title=\"true\" class=\"fiverr_nga_frame\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"350\" width=\"100%\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-mode=\"random_gigs\" onload=\" var frame = this; var script = document.createElement('script'); script.addEventListener('load', function() { window.FW_SDK.register(frame); }); script.setAttribute('src', 'https:\/\/www.fiverr.com\/gig_widgets\/sdk'); document.body.appendChild(script); \" ><\/iframe>\n<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/go.theregister.com\/feed\/www.theregister.com\/2023\/01\/06\/dragonfly_bsd_6_4\/\">Source link <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dragonfly BSD 6.4 is here, with various updates and new features, including a better hypervisor, improved support for AMD GPUs, and more. Dragonfly supports the&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":28292,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-28291","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tech-universe"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Fancy a quick tour of DragonFly BSD 6.4? \u2022 The Register - mailinvest.blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Technology is forever changing, and there are always new pieces of technology to replace obsolete ones. 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