{"id":20589,"date":"2022-12-02T18:14:50","date_gmt":"2022-12-02T18:14:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mailinvest.blog\/index.php\/2022\/12\/02\/this-week-in-space-you-wouldnt-hack-an-exoplanet\/"},"modified":"2022-12-02T18:14:50","modified_gmt":"2022-12-02T18:14:50","slug":"this-week-in-space-you-wouldnt-hack-an-exoplanet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mailinvest.blog\/index.php\/2022\/12\/02\/this-week-in-space-you-wouldnt-hack-an-exoplanet\/","title":{"rendered":"This Week in Space: You Wouldn&#8217;t Hack an Exoplanet&#8230;"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <a href=\"https:\/\/go.fiverr.com\/visit\/?bta=1052423&nci=17043\" Target=\"_Top\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" border=\"0\" src=\"https:\/\/mailinvest.blog\/wp-content\/themes\/breek\/assets\/images\/transparent.gif\" data-lazy=\"true\" data-src=\"https:\/\/fiverr.ck-cdn.com\/tn\/serve\/?cid=40081059\"  width=\"601\" height=\"201\"><\/a>\n<\/p>\n<div id=\"intelliTXT\">\n<div class=\"featured-image\">\n<div class=\"img-shadow\">\n<img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"640\" height=\"354\" src=\"https:\/\/mailinvest.blog\/wp-content\/themes\/breek\/assets\/images\/transparent.gif\" data-lazy=\"true\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/mauna-loa-eruption-usgs-aa-lava-feature-crop-640x354.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/mauna-loa-eruption-usgs-aa-lava-feature-crop-640x354.png 640w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/mauna-loa-eruption-usgs-aa-lava-feature-crop-300x166.png 300w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/mauna-loa-eruption-usgs-aa-lava-feature-crop-768x425.png 768w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/mauna-loa-eruption-usgs-aa-lava-feature-crop-1536x850.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/mauna-loa-eruption-usgs-aa-lava-feature-crop-2048x1133.png 2048w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/mauna-loa-eruption-usgs-aa-lava-feature-crop-106x59.png 106w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/mauna-loa-eruption-usgs-aa-lava-feature-crop-672x371.png 672w\" data-sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\"\/> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Welcome back, everyone. This week, scientists announced two never-before-seen minerals found inside a 17-ton meteorite. We also found out that astronomers used the James Webb space telescope to watch clouds moving \u2014 on Titan. Meanwhile, Mauna Loa is erupting, and you can see it from space. We\u2019ve also got updates from Tiangong, the International Space Station, and Orion. But let\u2019s start with the European Space Agency, which has what we\u2019ll call a unique proposal.<\/p>\n<h3>ESA Wants Kids to Help Hack an Exoplanet<\/h3>\n<p>Outreach and education are closely-held missions for the ESA. Just like our own space agency\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/cdn-cgi\/l\/email-protection\" class=\"__cf_email__\" data-cfemail=\"5d0e0918101d131c0e1c\">[email\u00a0protected]<\/a>, the ESA frequently holds free events and contests aimed at involving the general public. Its recent Bake the Moon Challenge provided a banana bread recipe and offered prizes for photos of entrants\u2019 craterous creations. Now, it\u2019s inviting students of high school age to help <a href=\"https:\/\/hackanexoplanet.esa.int\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hack an exoplanet<\/a>. Wait, what?<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Calling all space detectives to hack an exoplanet!\" width=\"720\" height=\"405\" data-lazy=\"true\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/q-GbmDY53ik?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>The ESA\u2019s Cheops (CHaracterising ExOPlanet Satellite) will observe two exoplanets, KELT-3b and TOI-560c, in early 2023. So the agency is hosting online and physical \u201chackathons\u201d in April and May 2023, to help scientists analyze the data. Students will \u201cuse real satellite data to investigate an alien planet and become an exoplanet detective.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Teams who participate in the Hack an Exoplanet event can submit their projects until June 2023, for teacher-approved prizes including \u201cESA goodies, as well as the opportunity to participate in a webinar with Physics Nobel Laureate Didier Queloz, on 17 July 2023.\u201d<\/p>\n<h3>Orion Is in the Home Stretch<\/h3>\n<p>Thursday afternoon, Orion performed a vital course correction burn, the first in its journey back toward Earth. Today (Friday) is flight day 17, of the capsule\u2019s 26-day mission.<\/p>\n<p>Things are <a href=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/extreme\/341194-trailblazing-orion-snaps-stunning-selfie-with-earth-moon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">going very well for Orion<\/a>. So well, in fact, that the crew got to take a well-deserved Thanksgiving break. But one diligent member of the Orion team showed up anyway: Astronaut Snoopy still has perfect attendance.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_341262\" style=\"width: 650px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/52521539580_cceb42055d_k-nasa-astronaut-snoopy-macys-thanksgiving-day-parade.jpg\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-341262\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-341262 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/mailinvest.blog\/wp-content\/themes\/breek\/assets\/images\/transparent.gif\" data-lazy=\"true\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/52521539580_cceb42055d_k-nasa-astronaut-snoopy-macys-thanksgiving-day-parade-640x905.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"905\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/52521539580_cceb42055d_k-nasa-astronaut-snoopy-macys-thanksgiving-day-parade-640x905.jpg 640w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/52521539580_cceb42055d_k-nasa-astronaut-snoopy-macys-thanksgiving-day-parade-212x300.jpg 212w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/52521539580_cceb42055d_k-nasa-astronaut-snoopy-macys-thanksgiving-day-parade-768x1086.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/52521539580_cceb42055d_k-nasa-astronaut-snoopy-macys-thanksgiving-day-parade-1087x1536.jpg 1087w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/52521539580_cceb42055d_k-nasa-astronaut-snoopy-macys-thanksgiving-day-parade.jpg 1448w\" data-sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\"\/><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-341262\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Astronaut Snoopy, in the 2022 Macy\u2019s Thanksgiving Day Parade. Photo credit: NASA\/Bill Ingalls via <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/nasahqphoto\/52521539580\/in\/photostream\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA HQ Flickr<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>The inflatable Astronaut Snoopy is a beloved regular in the Macy\u2019s parade. But as he floated over New York City, the \u201creal\u201d Astronaut Snoopy was keeping watch inside the Orion capsule. NASA sent a Snoopy plushie to space with Orion, where the multi-talented pup is serving as a \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=40uEMAv3R90\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">zero gravity indicator<\/a>\u201d for the Artemis 1 mission.<\/p>\n<h3>NASA Awards Texas Company $57M Toward 3D Printing Moon Base<\/h3>\n<p>It\u2019s so expensive to get mass into space that instead of bringing a habitat to the Moon or Mars by rocket, we might build one from materials we find <em>in situ<\/em>. To that end, NASA just announced it\u2019s funding Texas-based 3D-printing construction company ICON\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/press-release\/nasa-icon-advance-lunar-construction-technology-for-moon-missions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Project Olympus<\/a>, to the tune of $57M. ICON will use lunar regolith samples to study the material\u2019s behavior in lunar gravity, and it will also send its hardware and software into lunar gravity.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_341270\" style=\"width: 650px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/1_icon_olympus_multi-purpose_isru-based_lunar-construction-system_concept-render_nov2022_for_icon_release-scaled.jpg\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-341270\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-341270\" src=\"https:\/\/mailinvest.blog\/wp-content\/themes\/breek\/assets\/images\/transparent.gif\" data-lazy=\"true\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/1_icon_olympus_multi-purpose_isru-based_lunar-construction-system_concept-render_nov2022_for_icon_release-640x360.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/1_icon_olympus_multi-purpose_isru-based_lunar-construction-system_concept-render_nov2022_for_icon_release-640x360.jpg 640w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/1_icon_olympus_multi-purpose_isru-based_lunar-construction-system_concept-render_nov2022_for_icon_release-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/1_icon_olympus_multi-purpose_isru-based_lunar-construction-system_concept-render_nov2022_for_icon_release-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/1_icon_olympus_multi-purpose_isru-based_lunar-construction-system_concept-render_nov2022_for_icon_release-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/1_icon_olympus_multi-purpose_isru-based_lunar-construction-system_concept-render_nov2022_for_icon_release-2048x1152.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/1_icon_olympus_multi-purpose_isru-based_lunar-construction-system_concept-render_nov2022_for_icon_release-223x126.jpg 223w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/1_icon_olympus_multi-purpose_isru-based_lunar-construction-system_concept-render_nov2022_for_icon_release-106x59.jpg 106w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/1_icon_olympus_multi-purpose_isru-based_lunar-construction-system_concept-render_nov2022_for_icon_release-348x196.jpg 348w\" data-sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\"\/><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-341270\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A new award from NASA will support ICON in developing construction technology that could be used on the Moon and Mars. Credits: ICON\/BIG-Bjarke Ingels Group<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u201cThe final deliverable of this contract will be humanity\u2019s first construction on another world, and that is going to be a pretty special achievement,\u201d said ICON co-founder and CEO Jason Ballard in a statement. While he didn\u2019t go into further detail, NASA\u2019s Artemis program is actively researching ways to establish a long-term human presence on the Moon.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Artemis 1 Launch Highlights\" width=\"720\" height=\"405\" data-lazy=\"true\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/1TKoE0x4o7U?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>The agency has also worked with ICON before, researching ways to build a structure out of regolith and other materials found off-world. Mars Dune Alpha, another ICON project, will use 3D-printed \u201clavacrete\u201d in a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/chapea\/habitat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">year-long Martian habitat simulation<\/a> at NASA\u2019s Johnson Space Center in Texas. Among other perks, the habitat will feature fully customizable bedrooms, in order to alleviate boredom and \u201cspatial monotony\u201d during extended stays on Mars.<\/p>\n<h3>New Minerals Discovered Inside 17-Ton Meteorite<\/h3>\n<p>A 17-ton meteorite crashed down on a field in Somalia in 2020. Now, scientists report that they have identified two minerals from within the meteorite that were previously unknown to science.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_341263\" style=\"width: 650px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/221128-meteorite-herd-new-minerals-main-3000px-scaled.jpg\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-341263\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-341263\" src=\"https:\/\/mailinvest.blog\/wp-content\/themes\/breek\/assets\/images\/transparent.gif\" data-lazy=\"true\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/221128-meteorite-herd-new-minerals-main-3000px-640x444.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"444\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/221128-meteorite-herd-new-minerals-main-3000px-640x444.jpg 640w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/221128-meteorite-herd-new-minerals-main-3000px-300x208.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/221128-meteorite-herd-new-minerals-main-3000px-768x533.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/221128-meteorite-herd-new-minerals-main-3000px-1536x1065.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/221128-meteorite-herd-new-minerals-main-3000px-2048x1421.jpg 2048w\" data-sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\"\/><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-341263\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo: Chris Herd, via <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ualberta.ca\/folio\/2022\/11\/new-minerals-discovered-in-massive-meteorite-may-reveal-clues-to-asteroid-formation.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">University of Alberta<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>The scientists named the minerals <em>elaliite<\/em> after the meteor, and <em>elkinstantonite<\/em> after Lindy Elkins-Tanton, principal investigator of NASA\u2019s upcoming Psyche mission. Elkins-Tanton\u2019s research showed that for its size, 16 Psyche had too little mass to be the exposed core of a failed planet. The Psyche mission will send a probe to its namesake asteroid, in search of information on how our planets formed.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhenever you find a new mineral, it means that the actual geological conditions, the chemistry of the rock, was different than what\u2019s been found before,\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ualberta.ca\/folio\/2022\/11\/new-minerals-discovered-in-massive-meteorite-may-reveal-clues-to-asteroid-formation.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">said<\/a> Chris Herd, a professor of Earth &amp; atmospheric sciences and curator of the University of Alberta\u2019s Meteorite Collection. \u201cThat\u2019s what makes this exciting: In this particular meteorite you have two officially described minerals that are new to science.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cLindy has done a lot of work on how the cores of planets form, how these iron-nickel cores form,\u201d added Herd, \u201cand the closest analog we have are iron meteorites. So it made sense to name a mineral after her and recognize her contributions to science.\u201d<\/p>\n<h3>JWST, Keck Team Up to Study Clouds on Titan<\/h3>\n<p>Saturn\u2019s moon Titan is a fascinating, forbidding place. It\u2019s the only moon in the solar system with a dense atmosphere, and the only planetary body other than Earth that currently has rivers, lakes, and seas. Like Earth, Titan\u2019s surface has mountains and craters, dunes, and deltas. But where Earth\u2019s seas are full of water, Titan has frigid hydrocarbon oceans full of liquid methane. Where we have a water cycle, Titan has a hydrocarbon cycle, complete with winds and surface weather. A thick layer of opaque organo-nitrogen haze blankets the planet in volatiles like acetylene and propane, shot through with noxious gases like cyanide.<\/p>\n<p>Astronomers waited for years to train the James Webb Space Telescope on Titan. Now, Webb\u2019s infrared vision has allowed a group of astronomers to peer right through Titan\u2019s choking orange haze and capture its surface features, including weather and terrain. Follow-up observations from the Keck Observatory provided detail so fine the group was able to <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.nasa.gov\/webb\/2022\/12\/01\/webb-keck-telescopes-team-up-to-track-clouds-on-saturns-moon-titan\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">track the motion of clouds<\/a> on Titan\u2019s surface.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_341265\" style=\"width: 650px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/titan-clouds-kraken-mare-nasa-stsci-jwst-james-webb-telescope.png\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-341265\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-341265\" src=\"https:\/\/mailinvest.blog\/wp-content\/themes\/breek\/assets\/images\/transparent.gif\" data-lazy=\"true\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/titan-clouds-kraken-mare-nasa-stsci-jwst-james-webb-telescope-640x372.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"372\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/titan-clouds-kraken-mare-nasa-stsci-jwst-james-webb-telescope-640x372.png 640w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/titan-clouds-kraken-mare-nasa-stsci-jwst-james-webb-telescope-300x175.png 300w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/titan-clouds-kraken-mare-nasa-stsci-jwst-james-webb-telescope-768x447.png 768w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/titan-clouds-kraken-mare-nasa-stsci-jwst-james-webb-telescope.png 1220w\" data-sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\"\/><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-341265\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Science: NASA, ESA, CSA, Webb Titan GTO Team. Image processing: Alyssa Pagan (STScI)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>The moon has \u201cfascinating weather patterns and gaseous composition,\u201d the group said in a statement. Using Webb\u2019s NIRCam instrument, they were able to see through the haze to study albedo features (bright and dark patches) on the surface. Nixon and colleagues were \u201cabsolutely delighted\u201d at the detail they captured. Standouts include the black sand dunes of equatorial Belet, and in the bitter reaches of the moon\u2019s north pole, an ocean of liquid methane called Kraken Mare.<\/p>\n<h3>Mauna Loa Eruption Visible From Space<\/h3>\n<p>Mauna Loa is by far the largest of the five volcanoes on Hawaii\u2019s Big Island. It lies to the southeast of Mauna Kea, whose summit hosts several observatories including Keck. Mauna Kea has been dormant for thousands of years, and we expect it\u2019ll be dormant for many more. But Mauna Loa is giving the world a gentle reminder that it\u2019s still very much an <em>active<\/em> volcano.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_341261\" style=\"width: 650px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/esa-mauna-loa-eruption-22.png\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-341261\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-341261\" src=\"https:\/\/mailinvest.blog\/wp-content\/themes\/breek\/assets\/images\/transparent.gif\" data-lazy=\"true\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/esa-mauna-loa-eruption-22-640x640.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/esa-mauna-loa-eruption-22-640x640.png 640w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/esa-mauna-loa-eruption-22-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/esa-mauna-loa-eruption-22-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/esa-mauna-loa-eruption-22-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/esa-mauna-loa-eruption-22-1536x1536.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/esa-mauna-loa-eruption-22-2048x2048.png 2048w\" data-sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\"\/><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-341261\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The European Space Agency\u2019s Copernicus Sentinel-2 satellite captured this image of Mauna Loa erupting on November 28. Image: ESA<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>The volcano <a href=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/extreme\/341148-hawaiis-mauna-loa-volcano-is-erupting-for-the-first-time-since-1984\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">began to erupt<\/a> last Sunday, after weeks of not-so-subtle hinting. That is, if you consider swarms of earthquakes to be a hint.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_341268\" style=\"width: 650px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/mauna-loa-eruption-usgs-aerial.png\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-341268\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-341268\" src=\"https:\/\/mailinvest.blog\/wp-content\/themes\/breek\/assets\/images\/transparent.gif\" data-lazy=\"true\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/mauna-loa-eruption-usgs-aerial-640x427.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/mauna-loa-eruption-usgs-aerial-640x427.png 640w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/mauna-loa-eruption-usgs-aerial-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/mauna-loa-eruption-usgs-aerial-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/mauna-loa-eruption-usgs-aerial-1536x1024.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/mauna-loa-eruption-usgs-aerial-2048x1365.png 2048w\" data-sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\"\/><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-341268\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fissure 3 on Mauna Loa\u2019s Northeast Rift Zone, shown here, is the dominant source of the largest lava flow in this eruption. Image: USGS\/K. Mulliken<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Lava flow fronts are moving to the east and northeast at around a hundred feet per hour. So far, it\u2019s a gentle eruption, but a few lava fountains have reached up to 200 feet in the air. Light from the eruption was intense enough to <a href=\"https:\/\/earthobservatory.nasa.gov\/images\/150676\/mauna-loa-awakens\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">briefly blind the NOAA-NASA Suomi NPP satellite<\/a>, saturating its CCD despite cloud cover and a <em>lot<\/em> of ash. The plume of gas from the eruption is also visible from space, and it will <a href=\"https:\/\/atmosphere.copernicus.eu\/cams-forecasts-evolution-mauna-loas-so2-plume-eruption-continues\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">waft its way to the East Coast<\/a> by the end of this coming week.<\/p>\n<p>The a\u2019a lava from this eruption is rich in silica. As bubbles in the lava burst, strings of it fly free, forming needle-like filaments of volcanic glass called <em>Pele\u2019s hair<\/em>. The eruption is also causing atmospheric phenomena, including this extremely rare <a href=\"https:\/\/noirlab.edu\/public\/images\/iotw2248a\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u201clava light pillar.\u201d<\/a> In this photo from the Gemini North Observatory on Mauna Kea, light from the eruption illuminates and reflects off ice crystals high in the sky.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_341267\" style=\"width: 650px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/gemini-observatory-mauna-loa-eruption-from-mauna-kea.jpg\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-341267\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-341267\" src=\"https:\/\/mailinvest.blog\/wp-content\/themes\/breek\/assets\/images\/transparent.gif\" data-lazy=\"true\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/gemini-observatory-mauna-loa-eruption-from-mauna-kea-640x427.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/gemini-observatory-mauna-loa-eruption-from-mauna-kea-640x427.jpg 640w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/gemini-observatory-mauna-loa-eruption-from-mauna-kea-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/gemini-observatory-mauna-loa-eruption-from-mauna-kea-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/gemini-observatory-mauna-loa-eruption-from-mauna-kea.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\"\/><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-341267\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image: Gemini International Observatory\/NOIRLab\/NSF\/AURA<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>While the Mauna Kea observatories are in no danger, lava flows have blocked off several access roads, interrupting operations. However, the lava front is still three miles back from Saddle Road, the major thoroughfare connecting the two mountains.<\/p>\n<p>For detailed updates on this evolving situation, check out the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/volcanoes\/mauna-loa\/mauna-loa-eruption-webpage\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">USGS Mauna Loa Eruption Page<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>ISS Astronauts Grow Tomatoes in Low-Earth Orbit<\/h3>\n<p>Is there such a thing as tomato season in space? There\u2019s always an experiment going on aboard the ISS to see how some earthly living thing fares in microgravity. Right now, NASA flight engineer and Expedition 68 mission commander Nicole Mann is setting up a study to see how dwarf tomatoes do in space. The study will explore different fertilizer techniques while evaluating the mini tomatoes for nutritional value and taste. If there\u2019s a way to have <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Terroir\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>terroir<\/em> <\/a>in orbit, we\u2019ll find it.<\/p>\n<p>Courtesy of SpaceX\u2019s Dragon, there\u2019s also a new experiment on bone and skin healing, which the astronauts just unpacked. Meanwhile, veteran astronaut Koichi Wakata of Japan\u2019s Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) is tending to a microbial cell biology experiment designed to \u201cprovide insights into neuromuscular conditions such as Parkinson\u2019s disease.\u201d<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_341266\" style=\"width: 650px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/52532396008_c6d8037189_k-frank-rubio-josh-cassada-iss-international-space-station.jpg\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-341266\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-341266\" src=\"https:\/\/mailinvest.blog\/wp-content\/themes\/breek\/assets\/images\/transparent.gif\" data-lazy=\"true\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/52532396008_c6d8037189_k-frank-rubio-josh-cassada-iss-international-space-station-640x427.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/52532396008_c6d8037189_k-frank-rubio-josh-cassada-iss-international-space-station-640x427.jpg 640w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/52532396008_c6d8037189_k-frank-rubio-josh-cassada-iss-international-space-station-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/52532396008_c6d8037189_k-frank-rubio-josh-cassada-iss-international-space-station-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/52532396008_c6d8037189_k-frank-rubio-josh-cassada-iss-international-space-station-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/52532396008_c6d8037189_k-frank-rubio-josh-cassada-iss-international-space-station.jpg 2048w\" data-sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\"\/><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-341266\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image: NASA\/Johnson Space Center<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Fellow Expedition 68 astronauts Josh Cassada and Frank Rubio will leave the station for a seven-hour spacewalk beginning at 7:25 Saturday morning, Eastern time. During the excursion, the two will install a roll-out solar array on the station\u2019s starboard side.<\/p>\n<h3>Shenzhou 15 Expedition Launches to Tiangong<\/h3>\n<p>Three astronauts took off from the Gobi Desert on Tuesday morning, headed for China\u2019s Tiangong space station atop a Long March 2F rocket. Six uneventful hours after liftoff, the rocket made berth with the station. For this expedition, Shenzhou 15, veteran Chinese astronaut Fei Junlong is <a href=\"https:\/\/spaceflightnow.com\/2022\/11\/28\/three-chinese-astronauts-ready-for-flight-to-tiangong-space-station\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">accompanied<\/a> by relative rookies Deng Qingming and Zhang Lu.<\/p>\n<p>The astronauts will remain in orbit for six months. While on the station, the trio will work to transition Tiangong from construction mode into its fully operational state. It\u2019s a science station, but the thing is so new they\u2019re still practically peeling off the plastic.<\/p>\n<h3>Skywatchers Corner<\/h3>\n<p>Skywatching is fun just because there are so many beautiful things to look at. But if you look a little deeper, the skies are full of elegant physics demonstrations. For example, the Earth\u2019s axial tilt gives us our seasons. On celestial holidays like the solstices and equinoxes, the sun is exactly overhead at different places on the globe. Ancient astronomers used these and other naked-eye observations to calculate the size and inclination of our planet. And as it happens, the longest night of the year comes in December, at the Winter Solstice.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_341269\" style=\"width: 650px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Moon_Phases_Dec_2022-nasa-whats-up.jpeg\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-341269\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-341269\" src=\"https:\/\/mailinvest.blog\/wp-content\/themes\/breek\/assets\/images\/transparent.gif\" data-lazy=\"true\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Moon_Phases_Dec_2022-nasa-whats-up-640x360.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Moon_Phases_Dec_2022-nasa-whats-up-640x360.jpeg 640w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Moon_Phases_Dec_2022-nasa-whats-up-300x169.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Moon_Phases_Dec_2022-nasa-whats-up-768x432.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Moon_Phases_Dec_2022-nasa-whats-up-1536x864.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Moon_Phases_Dec_2022-nasa-whats-up-223x126.jpeg 223w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Moon_Phases_Dec_2022-nasa-whats-up-106x59.jpeg 106w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Moon_Phases_Dec_2022-nasa-whats-up-348x196.jpeg 348w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Moon_Phases_Dec_2022-nasa-whats-up.jpeg 1920w\" data-sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\"\/><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-341269\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image: NASA<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>This month\u2019s full moon is called the Cold Moon, which makes sense if you\u2019re in the Northern Hemisphere. And when the Cold Moon is in its full phase this coming Wednesday (Dec. 7), some northern skywatchers will get an extra neat little physics demo. As it does every so often, this month the Moon will pass directly between the Earth and Mars. In astronomy, this is called <em>occlusion<\/em>. As the Moon pulls up in front of Mars, the occlusion will be visible from much of Europe and Northern Africa. Viewers in the northeastern United States, however, will see the full moon just barely graze past the Red Planet.<\/p>\n<p>Mars entered retrograde motion this autumn. After coming to an apparent halt in November, the planet will swerve toward the Pleiades. By the turn of the year, it will begin to creep forward in proper motion once again.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/5702_Mars_Retrograde_2022.jpeg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-340257\" src=\"https:\/\/mailinvest.blog\/wp-content\/themes\/breek\/assets\/images\/transparent.gif\" data-lazy=\"true\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/5702_Mars_Retrograde_2022-640x360.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/5702_Mars_Retrograde_2022-640x360.jpeg 640w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/5702_Mars_Retrograde_2022-300x169.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/5702_Mars_Retrograde_2022-768x432.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/5702_Mars_Retrograde_2022-1536x864.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/5702_Mars_Retrograde_2022-223x126.jpeg 223w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/5702_Mars_Retrograde_2022-106x59.jpeg 106w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/5702_Mars_Retrograde_2022-348x196.jpeg 348w, https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/5702_Mars_Retrograde_2022.jpeg 1920w\" data-sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\"\/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>In the evenings throughout December, the constellation Pegasus will be a prominent feature high in the southwestern sky. Thanks to modern telescopes, we now know that Pegasus contains many remarkable deep-sky objects. This includes a tangled group of galaxies called Stefan\u2019s Quintet, which <a href=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/extreme\/337884-james-webb-is-open-for-science-see-the-first-images-from-fully-operational-jwst\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Webb imaged earlier this year<\/a>. But in Greek mythology, the winged horse Pegasus carried the thunderbolts of Zeus himself. Appropriately, this month, Jupiter is moving through Pegasus. To find the constellation, look to the south, where you\u2019ll find Jupiter about halfway up the sky.<\/p>\n<h5>Now Read:<\/h5>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<iframe data-lazy=\"true\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.fiverr.com\/gig_widgets?id=U2FsdGVkX18x7XQvttUTrv1oEqmGNGTgvvCUiUoJ\/AP4z\/UyMz8lXGOLpu15jIMxBbTR0gmD5uBoFvhC4KWeALQRp3h\/X\/AwcVD0K8Wj9H\/ZzYKzcCNHosB9oS4SCJJFWiN85P9ICAc4OgCoE\/wHKIY7CDkf2\/DQ1vqGvk4smVe5cRDEmrLPCWi4FC8p40VUhSmWQ5udCm0zoJtorgWv3vbDQw0kKYkwn39ozAnQXDe+YvWMxkLFWA+O3TFwkJvdkIK+\/AUSnRssPKt5WHY0FhNOxnSPcLslEL4G4\/RfP95ve99U+kRnDy3X+KtzdQLY+u935ghON\/o3UE4IMv9oN6JX9RnxzL\/LRcOgnHigxStSGPKsZYtnz8RWNVT\/rOLAibqiWJadC5MYHRbekF3eg6FOGrQGkXYbsn0+a5aovnlLCbLwIqY9fcS17UX8J235iQ6cdmHNbrPeS84CMm34RA==&affiliate_id=1052423&strip_google_tagmanager=true\" loading=\"lazy\" data-with-title=\"true\" class=\"fiverr_nga_frame\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"350\" width=\"100%\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-mode=\"random_gigs\" onload=\" var frame = this; var script = document.createElement('script'); script.addEventListener('load', function() { window.FW_SDK.register(frame); }); script.setAttribute('src', 'https:\/\/www.fiverr.com\/gig_widgets\/sdk'); document.body.appendChild(script); \" ><\/iframe>\n<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/extreme\/341253-this-week-in-space-you-wouldnt-hack-an-exoplanet\">Source link <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Welcome back, everyone. This week, scientists announced two never-before-seen minerals found inside a 17-ton meteorite. We also found out that astronomers used the James Webb&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":20590,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20589","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tech-universe"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>This Week in Space: You Wouldn&#039;t Hack an Exoplanet... - mailinvest.blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Technology is forever changing, and there are always new pieces of technology to replace obsolete ones. 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